When device A wants to communicate with device B it needs to know the IP address of B. The "bit of software" is called DHCP and is usually implemented by your Router, or your small business server, etc (depending on your circumstances). Far better is to have a bit of software on the network which hands out IP addresses to devices as they join the network. The reason this is not recommended is that it's way too much work to keep this all correct. In the simplest case (not recommended), you statically assign IP addresses - literally you go to each device and configure its IP address and other addresses. Internet devices on a local network communicate with each other via IP addresses, hence each device must know its own IP address plus the IP address of any other device it wants to communicate with. Greatly simplified crash course on TCP/IP networking. Well, we're missing the step of how the printer got an IP address assigned to it.
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